- Since 10 October, Russia has attacked Ukraine with a campaign of strikes targeting electric power infrastructure. To date, this action has come in waves.
- The most recent intense strikes were on 31 October, which involved targeting hydroelectric dam facilities for the first time.
- The strikes have resulted in widespread damage to transmission stations and power plants. Scheduled and emergency blackouts have become routine in parts of Ukraine, with Kyiv notably impacted.
- Recoverability varies, and the impacts of strikes are unlikely to be felt uniformly.
- Continued degradation of networks by Russian strikes will almost certainly have consequences for interlinked water and heating systems, that will be most significantly felt by the civilian population during winter, as demand increases.
- Russian strikes on power generation and transmission are having a disproportionate effect upon civilians in Ukraine, indiscriminately impacting critical functions such as healthcare and heating.
- The continued prioritisation of critical national infrastructure over military targets strongly implies Russian intent to strike at civilian morale.
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